Gardening Books

OOOOH. IT’S JUST WHAT I’VE ALWAYS WANTED

Most of my family probably don’t agree, but I actually enjoy getting presents. Over the years I have somehow managed to give everyone the impression that I am not bothered about receiving gifts. This is more than likely due to the fact that if anyone asks me what I would like for Christmas, I usually shrug my shoulders and say “I’m not bothered.” Which really means, “Use all of your imagination to bring me something that will entertain me for longer that ten seconds, improve my quality of life and of course make the world a better place.”

WHAT DO YOU FANCY?
It started when I was a young lad, my mother used to ask me if there was anything particular I wanted, but as you all remember, there wasn’t really anything to buy in the 60’s and 70’s. After the bike, all three changes of clothes for your Action Man, a train set and a Scalextric there wasn’t much left apart from the ubiquitous hand knitted jumpers and jigsaws. I did get a top of the range Scalextric set one year which was fantastic, it was called “You Steer” which gave you the illusion of being in control and helping the cars around the track by turning a large steering wheel stuck to the controller. This turned out to be a very limited option though as the cars were still embedded into the track to ensure the metal strips made an electrical contact. This was my first real disappointment at Christmas. The box had lied to me.

TOLERANCE
Toys teach you all sorts of things. I once overheard one of Julie’s self help cd’s that said the primary function of toys is to teach children tolerance levels in life. I am sure if we could read children’s minds they would be full of questions such as, “How hard can I hit this?” “What will happen if I push this in here?” And “Will this cause a reaction if I throw it at dad?.” So don’t be too upset if your youngsters break most of their toys before the New Year, they will be all the wiser for it.

I have a great photo of me last year hugging a pair of socks with all of my might. I had a massive smile on my face and looked so pleased to be getting a pair of socks with no holes in (the days of darning socks have well and truly gone in our house). This photo was shown around the family and everyone was convinced that I have a look of over enthusiasm with a hint of sarcasm at receiving the gift.

I’ll tell you now. It was genuine. As was the smile on my face when I received the jar of pickled onions, (even the fact that my mother in law put the jar inside of an iPod box didn’t dampen my joy), curry paste, a giant saltcellar and a pack of sun-dried tomatoes. These are great gifts and fulfil all of my criteria for a good gift (apart from making the world a better place maybe).

GARDENING BOOKS
Gardening books are something that I don’t really get as presents anymore, perhaps they think I am a bit of a know it all when it comes to gardening or perhaps they know I use the internet to answer my gardening questions rather than books these days. In the past though I relied on printed material for my horticultural education. In the past a good present one year was an annual subscription to Gardeners World and the Irish Garden magazine. These were great for keeping up to date with what’s going on all year in the garden and all the latest gadgets and trends.

Other books I was reared on were the Hessayon “Expert” books. My first copies were off my father who bought them in the early 1960’s and still had his scribbled notes on the pages from when he was planting his crops and dealing with vine weevil. The Rose Expert, The Lawn Expert and Pests and Diseases were three that I remember and these are still in print although they are a lot thicker than the originals. Maybe there’s more to learn or more pest and disease than in the olden days. I doubt it; maybe they just have bigger pictures.

IMAGES
I like pictures in books, I tend to go for the coffee table types, the RHS A-Z book helped me immensely when I was selling plants as I could just turn to the page and show the customer how big a plant would get and where would be the best place to plant it. It was so well used that the covers fell off and it was all dog eared. You would be surprised to see just how big most shrubs can grow. It made customers realise that you don’t need as many plants as you would think in the garden. In hindsight, that’s probably not the best idea when you are selling something, oh well.

There were two other books that I got a lot out of. Garden Design by John Brookes helped me no end when I was studying. Another favourite that I inherited was The Lazy Gardener, which was printed in the 1940’s. This small paper backed book followed the exploits of an extremely practical pipe smoker, dressed in a very smart suit who spent most of his time relaxing in a hammock with a gin and tonic in hand telling us what to avoid doing in the garden….I have always been a great advocate of do less, accomplish more whilst working outside and thinking back ‘The Lazy Gardener’ was definitely a strong influence in my formative years.

Happy New Year. May your garden grow productively and beautifully in 2010.

Holiday tree

A FINE TREE AND TOTALLY FREE
I’m up a ladder doing my best to lop the top off an overgrown conifer in the garden. It’s that time of year again when the front room gets taken over by a prickly tree top festooned with lights and chocolate sweets, yes, it’s the Christmas tree, or as it’s called in some areas of America the Holiday Tree, (for fear of causing an offence).

WIND BREAKS
We have decided not to go down to the local farm this year to buy a tree. We have so many evergreen Norway spruce trees being used as wind brakes around the garden I thought it would be more environmentally sound (and cheaper) to get our own.

Ronnie and I took our time wandering around to see which treetop would suit us the best. Most of the conifers have been lopped off at some stage of their lives and now have double heads on them. The two shoots look good together but only have growth on one side when they are separated so we eventually found one with just the one main trunk.

GETTING HIGH
I am not brave enough to reach the heights alone on an extendable ladder so Ronnie offers to hold the bottom rung for me as I climb. I wobble my way all of the way up but realise it’s not going to be high enough. “I’m going higher.” I call down to Ronnie who just manages to dodge the rusty bow saw I am using at it slips out of my hand. “Sorry about that, are you all right? I shout down. “Yes,” replies Ronnie, “It missed me by millimetres.” With a sigh of relief I tentatively climb down a few steps to get the saw back then I make my way up again. This time I leave the top rung of the ladder in order to get more leverage. I step carefully onto an upper branch levering myself into a position to get a better cutting angle.

ROUGH CUT
The saw has seen better days but obliges by roughly cutting either side of the trunk and after a lot of grunting and rasping (me, not the saw) the top comes crashing down past me and onto the ground. I’m clinging onto the flimsy upper branch that is bouncing up and down with the release of the weight of the tree top. I have broken out into a sweat and with pine cones tickling my nose and needles having made a home down the back of my shirt…suddenly €20 for a tree from Coillte sounds like a bit of a bargain.

TIMBER
“You all right Ronnie?” I ask nervously as I look down. The ladder is still in place, so is Ronnie and thankfully the treetop came down well away from where he was standing. “Yep.” he says calmly He is looking at the tree with a critical eye that he has inherited from his mother. “It’s a bit on the big side,” he comments, as I start to make my way back down to earth.

“Up there it looked quite small.” I say picking the tree up and sliding it onto the drive. “I thought it would be about six feet.” I say as I stand next to it.

“You can double that, it’s at least twelve feet,” says Ronnie as he takes my photo.
I feel like I am posing along side a giant shark that I have landed after a lengthy battle in the Atlantic.
It feels good.

After the high of the successful hunt, I slide the tree over to the back of the house and put the trunk into a bucket of water, this will keep it fresh until tomorrow when it will take pride of place in the front room until the last needles drop off in to the carpet after the New Year.

After the twelfth night, try these ideas to save the trees going to landfills….

WAYS TO RE-USE THE TREE

1. Cut the branches off and lay them over perennials in your garden. This will provide protection.

2. You can cut the branches up into smaller pieces and use them to mulch your beds or garden paths. I am trying not to mention burning the tree this year, it seems to be frowned upon by environmentalists and the fine needles do tend to flare up very quickly, making them dangerous.

3. Once you've used all the branches, you'll be left with a trunk. This can be used as a bird feeder pole or to make teepees to grow beans on or a rustic fence pole.

4. Provide a home for the birds. Remove the decorations, replace with bird feeders and place the tree, stand and all, out in the garden.

5. Cut the branches off and use them at the base of a fresh compost pile. It's a good idea to have coarser materials, like tree branches, at the bottom of the pile because it helps increase airflow to the pile.

6. Sink it in a pond. A tree can offer refuge to fish. Only do this if you’re sure the tree hasn’t been treated with chemicals that could harm the aquatic ecosystem.


Happy Christmas and don’t forget to have a walk around the garden over the holidays.

Bringing Christmas indoors

FLAUNT YOUR SKILLS
The Christmas period is the perfect time to flaunt your indoor decorating skills. There are plenty of opportunities to be creative, either by home baking or making decorations. Maybe not everything you see lying about outside is suitable for hanging on the tree or decorating the walls, but, it’s amazing how an everyday item can be transformed with a bit of glitter and some cotton wool. Evergreen shrubs are ripe for picking just before the holidays and make a wonderful addition to the table.

Here are some other fun and unique ways to bring the outdoors inside.

COLLECTING ALL YEAR
Start collecting things now. For the best decorations keep your eyes open year-round. My mother in law has the same principal for buying the presents, if she sees something at any time of year it goes into the present’s drawer, if only I had that discipline. Items that can be found in the wooded areas or countryside include discarded bird’s nests, large seed pots and pine cones. Flowers, herbs and berries can be picked and dried early.

STRING THEM UP
Try stringing popcorn to make a garland, stale popcorn works the best. Add pine cones, plain or spray-painted in plain colours or glittered. Or just add fake snow to cap them with.

Sliced citrus fruits make beautiful homemade stained-glass windows when hung from the branches of the Christmas tree. Simply slice the fruit, place on baking tray and put in the hot press. If you are in a rush (and who isn’t at Christmas?) then put the slices in a warm oven. Sprinkle with sugar or varnish or just keep them as they are to enjoy their natural colour as the winter sun catches them.

Large nuts and seed pots are easily sprayed with gold paint or glitter, adding to the much-welcomed sparkle.

PINING FOR SCENT
Baskets filled with pine cones are beautiful around the fireplace, near the backdoor, or as a centre piece on the dining room table. Since many pine cones drop early in the year, the scent may need to be refreshed with evergreen or cedar oil. A few drops will do the trick. Pine cones also can be dipped in egg whites, then rolled in cinnamon and other spices. These make unusual gifts or as an aromatic pick-me-up just before guests arrive when you throw them on the fire (the cones, not the guests).

An inside wreath created with flowering herbs, twigs, and berries not only is a graceful addition to your own wall, but it makes the perfect gift. The key to creating a wreath is to forget about being perfect. Any holes can be filled in later, and every wreath has it’s own appeal.

CHRISTMAS HOUSE PLANTS

No festive Season would be complete without some indoor house plants to freshen the air, soften the hard edges of a room and give an extra splash of colour. Here are some easy to look after varieties that are all widely available. The Poinsettia’s are going for next to nothing in the shops. They probably won’t last as long as the ivies or ferns but that doesn’t matter because they give us so much pleasure over the short Christmas period




Cyclamen - this winter to spring flowering plant is excellent for indoor use and is available in a variety of colours, red, pinks, purple and whites.

Winter Cherry (Solanum) – These have brilliant orange/red berries.
Christmas Cactus (Zygocactus truncatus) is another great plant to use in your home and will flower for weeks.
African Violet - One of the most popular houseplants here in Ireland and so widely available in a variety of colours with great velvety green foliage.

Ivy (Hedera) - Small ivies make great houseplants.

Ferns – Try the holly or maidenhead ferns, both make excellent indoor plants.
Osmanthus - Commonly known as 'False Holly' it is a great Christmas display.

Primrose (Primula) – These give colourful clusters of flowers a range of yellow, red, pink, white, orange and purple.

Poinsettia – Red white or cream, they will compliment any Christmas theme.

Azaleas - Colours including white, red, pink and purple. They don't like being hot and dry, so keep cool, which is good advice all around at Christmas……


NOT EVERYTHING IS SUITABLE
I mentioned earlier about not everything outside being suitable to be used as Christmas decorations, or ornaments at any other times of the year. This got me thinking about the times when I carried unusual (or dangerous in some cases) things into the house thinking “It seemed a good idea at the time”.

I have decided to do a Top Five list.

1. When I got my first house, I wanted to look sophisticated so I bought a load of old books from a charity shop to give me an instant bookcase full of “Old Classics” These classics had bookworm issues, which put the woodwork of the house in danger and made me look really daft when anyone asked me what a particular book was about, having not read any of them.

2. A friend of mine bought a fresh oyster each for us to enjoy. He guzzled his down making horrible guttural noises, which frankly made me feel ill. I therefore kept my new pet in a bucket in the front room for three weeks simulating the tide with my hands and feeding it fish food. I eventually had to throw it out as it was becoming a health hazard and the neighbours were complaining about the smell.

3. Like many people of my age, I have (when much younger and more foolish) come home with a traffic cone, usually on my head and had a road sign in the bedroom.

4. I was getting fed up with the wallpaper in my front room one day and decided to change it. The paper came off really easily as it was vinyl, revealing some older wallpaper from the 1940’s. It looked OK to me so stayed there until I moved out four years later.

5. A friend of mine wanted to spend a couple of nights sleeping on my settee…He ended up living there for two years.

Floods

COPING WITH A FLOODED GARDEN
More and more people are getting concerned about flooding and the damage it causes. No house is really safe, although the severity of the floodwater will differ depending on where you are. Although we escaped the severity and distress of the damage, there have been floods in Inishowen with Greencastle being the worst hit. The issues of why this is happening are open to debate…Global Warming and the fact that we have been building on flood plains are just two theories. Whatever the reasons our hearts go out to the families who have been so affected by the floods. When the waters recede and it is time to clear up and count the costs there will also be some work to do in the garden.

HERE COMES THE FLOOD
I used to live in an area where the bottom of the garden got washed away every year. It wasn’t that the area was low lying though, it was because the storm drains were not sufficient to carry away the water fast enough. The result was the manhole covers used to pop off of the drains and the water would come out like a very powerful fountain. It wasn’t just the water of course as the drains were also linked to the sewage pipes. Having sewage in the water is why so many household items have to be dumped. Veggies contaminated by sewage couldn’t be eaten either.

AFTER THE FLOOD

After the water level has gone down there are some steps you can do to bring the garden up to scratch.

· Add some slow release fertiliser or well-rotted manure to the soil (beds and lawn) as nutrients will have been washed away. Don’t disturb unti it has dried, then gently aerate the soil with a fork.
· Put some coarse lime-free sand into the holes as well to aid the drainage.
· Most garden plants will survive a day or two under water so don’t panic and start digging everything up straight away.
· Wash down hard surfaces and collect up debris to prevent drains blocking, soil surfaces being covered, and pollutants or contaminants lingering in the garden. Wear gloves and overalls to minimise contact with pollutants.
· Remove damaged shoots from affected plants.
· Consider planting trees on a slight mound.
· Grow plants in raised beds.
· After flooding, edible crops near to harvest are best not eaten: no assurances can be given that root crops will be safe to eat, so they should be discarded. Plants eaten raw should be discarded too, and it is prudent to avoid growing salads and other uncooked crops for two years in case disease spores remain in the soil. However, the following year after flooding, it should be safe to grow crops that are to be cooked.
· If you know in advance that a flood is coming then try to gather everything from the veggie patch that you can before it comes.

Here are a few other things you can do:

· Roofs converted into living green roofs absorb storm water and release it slowly.
· Move any items kept outside such as garden furniture to higher ground. Remember that floodwater could get into your garage so move any chemicals or fuel to ensure that they do not spill into the floodwater and cause damage.
· Close off the flow valves on propane tanks, oil drums, or other fuel containers that supply your home through pipes and fittings.
· Unplug any exterior electrical connections such as outdoor lighting, pond pumps and filters.
· Turn off the water supply to the garden.
· Tie in climbing plants.
· Check tree ties are secure on any newly planted trees.
· Anchor fruit cages and coldframes against storm damage or dismantle them if time permits.
· Take valuable or sentimental items and store them indoors or move them to higher ground.
· Empty petrol lawn mowers.
· Lock gardening tools away.
· If there is somewhere for water to go, drainage can be installed. Or, where appropriate, it may be worth digging out a ditch or seasonal pond at the lowest part of the garden to catch surplus water and let it soak in slowly.
· Choose permeable surfaces when laying drives, paths and patios to allow rain to soak in.

REMEMBER:
Floodwater will often be contaminated, usually by untreated sewage, spilled chemicals, silage from farms or dead animals.

· Always wear protective clothing when working in or near floodwater.
· Wash all cuts and cover them with waterproof plasters.
· If you receive a wound during a flood you should go to a doctor and get a tetanus injection.
· Small children, pregnant women, elderly people and those with mobility difficulties or other health problems should be kept away from floodwater.
· If you feel unwell at any stage or if you ingest floodwater you should contact a doctor.

If you would like some more information about how to cope with flooding then go to
www.flooding.ie.